Jibanananda Das(1899-1954) poet and educationist. He was born on 17 February 1899 in Barisal town. His father Satyananda Das was a school teacher, social worker and founder-editor of the Brahmabadi. His mother Kusumkumari Das was a poet.
Jibanananda Das started writing and publishing in his early 20s. During his lifetime he published only 269 poems in different journals and magazines.
Early Life:
Jibanananda passed matriculation examination from Barisal Brajamohan School (1915), IA (1917) from BM College and BA (1919) in English from Presidency College in Kolkata and MA in English (1921). Although he was admitted to the law college, he did not even test.
Jibanananda began teaching English literature in Calcutta City College in 1922. He joined the newly established Bagerhat Prafulla Chandra College in 1929, but after some time he left his job and went to Calcutta. In that year (1929) he joined Ramshash College in Delhi and returned to India in 1930. After some time, Jibanananda joined the BM College in Barisal in 1935 from the unemployed.In this way his career was spent in different colleges and sometimes in other professions. Before partitioning in 1947, he went to Calcutta with his family.
Love and marriage:
Young Jibanananda fell in love with Shovona, daughter of his uncle Atulchandra Das, who lived in the neighbourhood. He dedicated his first anthology of poems to Shovona without mentioning her name explicitly. He did not try to marry her since marriage between cousins was not socially acceptable. She has been referred to as Y in his literary notes. Soon after marrying Labanyaprabha Das in 1930, a personality clash erupted and Jibanananda Das gave up the hope of a happy married life. The gap with his wife never narrowed.
Jibananand's poetry:
Jibanananda was one of the poets of poetry of poetry, known as the poem of Rabindranath in Bangla Kabindol. In the Kabandolan, the combination of western meditation and the intellectual middle class of the next Bangalee Bengal and the first world war coincided with the mindset of Chaitanya.
Jibananand's poetry started from the young age. In his school year, his first poem 'Barsha-Abahan' was published in the Brahman newspaper (Baishakh 1326 / April 1919). Though he was a poet, he wrote numerous short stories, a few novels and essays. His first poetry book, Jharkarok, was published in 1927.His famous poems are Gray manuscript (1936), Bonalata Sen (1942), Mahaprathibi (1944), seven stars Timir (1948), Ruposhi Bangla (composition 1934, publication 1957), Bella Abella Calabella (1961). Also many prominent poems have been published in various newspapers.
Twelve volumes of Jibananand Sagara (1985-96) were published as a compilation of his prose and unpublished poems from Calcutta.
Jibananand's story-novel has evolved in the crisis of married life, man's psychology and the complexity of sex and the disaster of socio-economic structure of contemporary society. His almost story-based novel autobiography was published.
Death:
On October 14, 1954, he was crossing a road near Calcutta's Deshpriyo Park when he was hit by a tram. Seriously injured, he was taken to Shombhunath Pundit Hospital. Sajanikanta Das, who had been one of his fiercest critics, was tireless in his efforts to secure the best treatment for the poet, and even persuaded Dr Bidhan Chandra Roy (then chief minister of West Bengal) to visit him in hospital. Jibanananda died from is injuries on October 22, 1954.
His body was cremated the following day at Keoratola crematorium. Following popular belief, it has been alleged in some biographical accounts that his accident was actually an attempt at suicide. However, none of the Jibanananda biographers have indicated that this was true.
Poetics:
Jibanananda Das started writing and publishing in his early 20s. During his lifetime he published only 269 poems in different journals and magazines.বনলতা সেন
হাজার বছর ধরে আমি পথ হাঁটিতেছি পৃথিবীর পথে,
সিংহল সমুদ্র থেকে নিশীথের অন্ধকারে মালয় সাগরে
অনেক ঘুরেছি আমি; বিম্বিসার অশোকের ধূসর জগতে
সেখানে ছিলাম আমি; আরো দূর অন্ধকারে বিদর্ভ নগরে;
আমি ক্লান্ত প্রাণ এক, চারিদিকে জীবনের সমুদ্র সফেন,
আমারে দুদণ্ড শান্তি দিয়েছিলো নাটোরের বনলতা সেন।
চুল তার কবেকার অন্ধকার বিদিশার নিশা,
মুখ তার শ্রাবস্তীর কারুকার্য; অতিদূর সমুদ্রের 'পর
হাল ভেঙে যে নাবিক হারায়েছে দিশা
সবুজ ঘাসের দেশ যখন সে চোখে দেখে দারুচিনি-দ্বীপের ভিতর,
তেমনি দেখেছি তারে অন্ধকারে; বলেছে সে, 'এতোদিন কোথায় ছিলেন?'
পাখির নীড়ের মত চোখ তুলে নাটোরের বনলতা সেন।
সমস্ত দিনের শেষে শিশিরের শব্দের মতন
সন্ধ্যা আসে; ডানার রৌদ্রের গন্ধ মুছে ফেলে চিল;
পৃথিবীর সব রঙ নিভে গেলে পাণ্ডুলিপি করে আয়োজন
তখন গল্পের তরে জোনাকির রঙে ঝিলমিল;
সব পাখি ঘরে আসে—সব নদী—ফুরায় এ-জীবনের সব লেনদেন;
থাকে শুধু অন্ধকার, মুখোমুখি বসিবার বনলতা সেন।
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